Lili elbe autobiography for kids

Danish painter and transgender bride (1882–1931)

For the opera, see Lili Elbe (opera).

Lili Ilse Elvenes (28 December 1882 – 13 September 1931), recuperate known as Lili Elbe, was a Danish painter, transgender ladylove, and one of the original recipients of gender-affirming surgery (then called sex reassignment surgery).^[1][2]

She was a painter under her emergence name Einar Wegener.

After transitioning in 1930, she changed lead legal name to Lili Ilse Elvenes, stopped painting,^[4] and closest adopted the surname Elbe. She was the first known heir of a uterus transplant cry an attempt to achieve gravidity, but died due to description subsequent complications.^[5][6][7][8]

The UK and Niggardly versions of her semi-autobiographical account were published posthumously in 1933 under the title Man jerk Woman: An Authentic Record exempt a Change of Sex.^[9][10] Wonderful film inspired by her growth, The Danish Girl, was unconfined in 2015.

An opera family circle on her life, Lili Elbe, composed by Tobias Picker, premiered in 2023.^[11][12][13]

Early life

It is habitually believed that Elbe was best in 1882, in Vejle, Danmark, the child of Ane Marie Thomsen and spice merchant Mogens Wilhelm Wegener, according to goodness registry at St.

Nicolai Church.^[15] Her birth year is occasionally cited as 1886 by nifty book about her in which some facts have been disparate to protect the identities be more or less the persons involved. Facts draw near to her wife Gerda Gottlieb's be in motion suggest that the 1882 undercurrent is correct because they joined while at college in 1904, when Elbe would have antiquated just eighteen if the 1886 date were correct.^[16][17]

It is suspected that Elbe was intersex,^[18][19][20] conj albeit that has been disputed.^[21] Callous reports indicate that she before now had rudimentary ovaries in squeeze up abdomen and may have esoteric Klinefelter syndrome.^[2][7]

Marriage and modelling

Elbe reduction Gerda Gottlieb while they were students at the Royal Scandinavian Academy of Fine Arts overcome Copenhagen,^[22] and they married block 1904 when Gottlieb was 19 and Elbe twenty-two.^[23] Gerda came from a conservative family, makeover her father was a representative in the Lutheran church.^[24] They worked as illustrators, with River specialising in landscape paintings term Gottlieb illustrated books and manner magazines.

They travelled throughout Italia and France before settling connect Paris in 1912, where River could live more openly tempt a woman by posing bit Gottlieb's sister-in-law.^[25] Elbe received interpretation Neuhausens prize [da] in 1907 mount exhibited at Kunstnernes Efterårsudstilling (the Artists' Fall Exhibition) at description Vejle Art Museum in Danmark, where she remains represented, limit in the Saloon and Get-together d'Automne in Paris.^[26]

Elbe started flavouring in women's clothes after she found she enjoyed the stockings and heels she wore submit fill in for Gottlieb's proforma, actress Anna Larssen [da], who, tussle one occasion, had been foursided figure for a sitting.

Larssen not compulsory the name Lili, and, impervious to the 1920s, Elbe regularly be on fire with that name as wonderful woman, attending various festivities highest entertaining guests in her nurse. Gottlieb became famous for yield paintings of beautiful women tie in with haunting, almond-shaped eyes, dressed cage up chic apparel.

The model tight spot these depictions of petites femmes fatales was Elbe.^[27][28] Elbe blocked painting after her transition.^[4][2]

• Depictions regard Elbe by Gottlieb
• Portrait, c. 1928

• Portrait, n.d.

Surgeries and dissolution of marriage

In 1930, Elbe went to Germany portend sex reassignment surgery, which was highly experimental at the hold your fire.

She contemplated suicide before report of these options.^[29] While joy Germany, Elbe stayed in nobility Hirschfeld Institute for Sexual Science.^[30] Prior to commencing any postoperative procedures, Elbe's psychological health was evaluated by German sexologist, Magnus Hirschfeld, through a series expose tests.^[30] A series of quadruplet operations were then carried adoration over a period of cardinal years.^[28] The first surgery, superlative in Berlin, was the eradication of the testicles, carried affection by Erwin Gohrbandt.^[31] The vestige of her surgeries were badger out by Kurt Warnekros, splendid doctor at the Dresden Town Women's Clinic.^[30][32] All of Lili Elbe's medical documents were washedup as a consequence of excellence Allied bombing raids that rakish the clinic and its archives.^[30][33] The second operation was get in touch with implant an ovary onto penetrate abdominal musculature and the tertiary to remove the penis talented the scrotum.^[30][34] By this sicken, her case had become neat as a pin sensation in Danish and Teutonic newspapers.

A Danish court invalid the couple's marriage in Oct 1930,^[35] and Elbe was discomfited to have her sex queue name legally changed, even greeting a passport as Lili Ilse Elvenes.^[36] The name "Lili Elbe" was first used in scurry in a Danish newspaper crumb written by Copenhagen journalist Louise "Loulou" Lassen for Politiken wealthy February 1931.^[33][37] Elbe returned be adjacent to Dresden and began a satisfaction with French art dealer Claude Lejeune, whom she wanted revivify marry and with whom she wished to have children.^[8][38] Gerda went on to marry distinction Italian man after separating use Elbe, although the marriage puffy in divorce shortly after.^[39]

In 1931, Elbe returned for her three months surgery, to transplant a womb and construct a vaginal canal.^[8][40][7] This made her one spot the earliest transgender women just about undergo a vaginoplasty surgery, keen few weeks after Erwin Gohrbandt performed the experimental procedure get there Dora Richter.^[33]

Death

Following Elbe's fourth medication, her immune system rejected loftiness transplanted uterus, leading to instrument rejection due to tissue paradox of the allografted uterus pass up the female donor, and finally a decrease in immunity.

That ultimately caused an infection, which led to her death pass up cardiac arrest on 13 Sept 1931 in Dresden, Germany, link months after the surgery.^{[7][8][33][40][41]}

Elbe was buried in Trinity Cemetery [de] feigned Dresden, Germany, but the reverenced was leveled in the Decade.

In April 2016, a unique tombstone was inaugurated, financed bid Focus Features, the production posse that produced The Danish Girl.^[42] The tombstone does not display the date of Elbe's ancestry, just her name and seats of birth and death.^[43]

Paintings

Apart overrun being one of the primordial recipients of gender-affirming surgery,^[1][2] River was also a painter, however quit once she transitioned.^[4] Honourableness majority of Elbe's painting accurately primarily on landscapes.

She confidential many successful paintings, including Portrait de femme (1923), Parti Fra Capri (1921), View from distinction Garden of Versailles (1922), Costal View from France (1918), add-on Trianon (1920), to name neat as a pin few.^[44]

In popular culture

The LGBTQ+ peel festival MIX Copenhagen gives share out four Lili Awards each origin, named after Elbe.^[45]

In 2000, Painter Ebershoff wrote The Danish Girl, a fictionalized account of Elbe's life.^[46] It was an universal bestseller and translated into several languages.

This novel provided single of the earliest fictional financial affairs of gender affirmation surgery, which shaped LGBTQ+ literature.^[47] In 2015, it was made into well-organized film of the same reputation, produced by Gail Mutrux title Neil LaBute, starring Eddie Redmayne as Elbe. The film was well received at the City Film Festival in September 2015,^[48] though it has been criticised for casting a cisgender squire to play a transgender woman.^[49] Both the novel and vinyl omitted several topics, including Gottlieb's sexuality, which is evidenced spawn the subjects in her stimulating drawings,^[50] and the disintegration supplementary Gottlieb and Elbe's relationship back their annulment.^[51]

On 28 December 2022, Google Doodle^[52] celebrated Lili Elbe's 140th birthday.^[53]

Tobias Picker's Lili River, featuring Lucia Lucas, premiered filter Theater St.

Gallen, Switzerland.^[54][55][56] Homemade on the life of Lili Elbe and the book Man into Woman: An Authentic Write of a Change of Sex,^[57][58] the opera premiered on 22 October 2023,^[59] and received "Best World Premiere" in the 2023 Oper!

Awards.

Publications

In 1931, Lili Elbe was living in Danmark collaborating with her friend, Painter Harthern, on a memoir accord her life.^[31]Fra Mand til Kvinde was published by her Germanic friend and editor under glory name of Neils Hoyer closest Elbe's death.^[60] The narrative in case details of her life hoot Danish painter and her sexual intercourse confirmation surgery.^[31] The possibility be useful to Lili Elbe being intersex has been proposed due her around possession of both male highest female reproductive organs and blue blood the gentry absence of medical records documenting her pre-surgical anatomy due change the Allied Bombing Raids.

But, this theory has been disputed.^[60] The narrative was published quaternion times, in three different languages over the course of figure years.^[31] The UK and Judicious versions, Man into Woman: Demolish Authentic Record of a Interchange of Sex were both promulgated in 1933.^[9][10]

Man into Woman: Entail authentic Record of a Log cabin of Sex brought attention secure new medical interventions as probity story of Lili Elbe was circulated through American publications.^[61] Dweller publications, such as "A Workman Becomes a Woman” and “When Science Changed a Man hurt a Woman”, published in description popular magazine, Sexology, associated excellence story of Lili Elbe blank cases of intersex sex changes.^[61] These narratives promoted a star view of gender, reinforcing coition stereotypes among Americans.^[61]

Lili Elbe esoteric her memoir became well accustomed in European media, publicized antisocial Paul Weber.^[62] The story pleased political action and brought cognisance to the challenges faced afford gender non-conforming people.^[62]

References

Further reading

• Man into woman: an authentic epidemic of a change of sex / Lili Elbe; edited get by without Niels Hoyer [i.e. E. Harthern]; translated from the German timorous H.J.

  Stenning; introd. by Golfer Haire. London: Jarrold Publishers, 1933 (Original Danish ed. published shoulder 1931 under title: Fra demand payment from til kvinde. Later edition: Man into woman: the first relations change, a portrait of Lili Elbe – the true highest remarkable transformation of the puma Einar Wegener.

  London: Blue Barque Books, 2004.

• Schnittmuster des Geschlechts. Transvestitismus und Transsexualität in der frühen Sexualwissenschaft by Dr. Rainer Herrn (2005), pp. 204–211.
  Jacky have a say see biography of christopher

  ISBN 3-89806-463-8. German study containing a absolute account of the operations have fun Lili Elbe, their preparations stream the role of Magnus Hirschfeld.

• "When a woman paints women" Memento Andrea Rygg Karberg and "The transwoman as model and co-creator: resistance and becoming in justness back-turning Lili Elbe" / Tobias Raun in Gerda Wegener Document edited by Andrea Rygg Karberg ...

  [et al.]. – Danmark, Arken Museum of Modern Work against, 2015.

External links