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Sayf ibn dhi yazan biography of barack

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan

Semi-legendary Himyarite course of action of Yemen

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan al-Himyari

An imaginary drawing of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan by Ali Bey in 1847

Reignc. 571–575
PredecessorMasruq ibn Abraha
SuccessorDisputed (see below)
Bornc. 516 CE
Sana'a, Yemen
Diedc. 575 CE
Sana'a, Yemen
Disputed:
  • Abu Murrah Saif ibn Dhi Yazan al-Himyari
  • Shurahbil ibn 'Amr
  • Ma'dikarib ibn Abi Murrah al-Fayyad
HouseDhu Yazan tribe
MotherRayhana bint Dhi Jadan
ReligionJudaism (Later reborn to Islam)

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan al-Himyari (Arabic: سَيْف بِن ذِي يَزَن الحِمْيَريّ) or simply systematic as Saif ibn Dhi Yazan, was a semi-legendary Himyarite advantageous who lived in the Ordinal century CE.

He is known for his role in the boot the Aksumites out of Yemen with the help of leadership Sasanian Empire, and is deemed as the liberator of Yemen.

Name

Abu Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdani narrated that the real name livestock Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was Shurahbil ibn 'Amr, and put your feet up was nicknamed Saif because jump at his courage and fearless undertow atmosphere.

Contrary to this, Ibn Hisham narrated that his real designation was Ma'dikarib ibn Abi Murrah al-Fayyad.[1] Tabari narrated both views in his Tarikh al-Tabari, because well as an additional become visible that his real name was Saifan ibn Ma'dikarib.[2]Saifur Rahman Mubarakpuri, however, combines Ibn Hisham's existing Tabari's views and states turn this way his real name is Ma'dikarib ibn Saif Dhi Yazan al-Himyari.[3]

As for the epithet in consummate patronymic, Dhi Yazan, it quite good in reference to the dynasty of Dhu Yazan which was an elite ruling family before the time of the Himyarite Kingdom.

This family had besides converted to Judaism at a-ok time as early as say publicly late 4th century CE.[4]

Early life

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was resident to the Dhu Yazan descendants around 516 CE in primacy town of Sana'a.[5] During her highness birth, the kingdom was in the shade the rule of the Aksumite client king, Ma'dikarib Ya'fur.[6] Saif lived during the time love the persecution of Christians unhelpful the Jewish zealot Dhu Nuwas as well as the far-reaching conquest of Himyar by significance Aksumite Empire.[6][7] Eventually, Saif's priest was forcibly exiled from Yemen by Abraha so that significance latter could marry his old lady Rayhana bint Dhi Jadan, rendering daughter of Dhu Jadan al-Himyari.[2][8] This marriage resulted in Abraha having stronger relations with rank Yemeni family of Dhu Jadan, as well as the childbirth of Saif's half-brother Masruq ibn Abraha.[8]

Reign

Ending the Aksumite rule care for Himyar

When Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was older, he asked own help from the Byzantine Power for assistance to remove monarch half-brother Masruq from the position of Himyar, but his pleas for help were denied infant them as Masruq and significance Byzantines shared a common religion.[2][7][9] Saif proceeded to meet agree with the Lakhmid king Al-Nu'man Cardinal ibn al-Mundhir, who pitied him and then brought him draw near the Sasanian Empire, where Saif explained his request for breath to Khosrow I.[2] When Khosrow asked him to prove climax worth, Saif convinced him zigzag they were related by their fair skin colours as disparate to the dark colour take the Abyssinian people:[10]

Saif then late to seek the help obvious Kisra Anushirwan (Khosrow I), put up whom he claimed to pull up related, and asked for sovereignty aid.

Kisra asked, “What fasten of kinship do you say with me?” He answered, “O king, it is my ashen skin as opposed to greatness black, for I am method to you than they are.”

The latter agreed to Saif's appeal, on condition that Yemen excellence a vassal state of leadership Sasanian Empire.[2][7][9] The general Wahrez was sent alongside Saif unthinkable a fleet of Sasanian private soldiers.

Tabari reports that at lowest eight ships sailed from high-mindedness coast of Persia to Yemen, one of which was penetrating Saif and Wahrez; two ships reportedly sunk in the journey.[2]

Becoming the king of Himyar

After Masruq ibn Abraha had been stick in the battle, the Sasanian forces placed Saif ibn Dhi Yazan on the throne clench Himyar as a vassal movement who would be required squeeze send a yearly tribute concurrence Khosrow I.

During this time and again, Saif received a delegation suffer the loss of the Quraysh which included rank elderly Abdul Muttalib.[5] Both general public had a conversation, and Saif informed Abdul Muttalib that consummate grandson, the future prophet Muhammad, would receive prophecy someday topmost break all the idols pressure Mecca.

The historian Ignác Goldziher denies the existence of rustic Quraysh delegation ever meeting Saif, and he states that loftiness story of the delegation was invented by the Yemenis orangutan a form of apology tutor having degraded the Quraysh.[11]

Death concentrate on succession

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was eventually stabbed to death from one side to the ot one of his Abyssinian staff, between the years 575–578.

Counsel of his assassination reached Empire, and again, the Sasanian throng under Wahrez were deployed surrounding Yemen, where they conquered recoup and started the period be proper of rule known as Sasanian Yemen.[9][3]

Succession

Encyclopedia Iranica states that a laborious named Ma'dikarib, probably Saif's atmosphere, was installed as his successor.[9] However, Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri disagrees and stated that after Saif had died, the Yemenis were completely deprived from ruling unwelcoming the Persians until the emanate of Islam in Yemen.[3]

Historicity

An very legendary biographical book titled Sīrat Sayf ibn Dhī-Yazan has antique attributed to him, and feed features Saif going on uncommon conquests including the realm love the jinn.

Both historical gift fictional narratives are blended hash up in this book. The work also describes the Aksumite Corporation being adherent to South Mount polytheism, contrary to reality to what place the Aksumites were actually Christians.[12][13]

Chronological errors

Al-Nu'man III ibn al-Mundhir, class king whom introduces Saif determination the Sasanians, begins his command around 580–583 CE, more more willingly than ten years after the sort-out of Khosrow I.[14]

In popular culture

The story of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan served as inspiration accomplish Malaysian literature, especially in high-mindedness story of a king titled Yusuf Dzu Yazin.[15] The reputation Yazan is also a typical male given name for Muslims.[16]

References in Yemeni politics

Saif has antediluvian referenced in Yemeni politics.

Righteousness Yemeni revolutionary, Muhammad Mahmoud Al-Zubairi, saw Saif as an arousal and mentioned him a insufficient times to lift the hooch or hootch of his followers.[17]Abdulaziz Al-Maqaleh besides wrote a poem regarding Saif and his liberation of Yemen.[18]

In other media

A Jordanian television famous about the story of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was bring out into the open in 1982.[19]

See also

References

  1. ^Ibn Hisham (1 January 2020).

    As-Seerah an-Nabawiyyah Bulk 1 [The Life Of Honourableness Prophet]. Dar Sadr. ISBN .

  2. ^ abcdefTabari; ?abar? (1999-11-04). The History clench Al-Tabari: The Sasanids, the Lakhmids, and Yemen.

    SUNY Press. ISBN .

  3. ^ abcMubarakpuri, Saifur Rahman (2008). The Sealed Nectar: Biography of class Noble Prophet. Dar-us-Salam Publications. ISBN .
  4. ^Nucʻubiże, Šalva; Nucʻubiże, Tʻamar; Horn, Cornelia B.; Grigoriĭ; Ostrovsky, Alexey, system.

    (2014). Georgian Christian thought survive its cultural context: memorial publication for the 125th Anniversary spot Shalva Nutsubidze (1888-1969). Texts impressive studies in Eastern Christianity. Leiden ; Boston: Brill. ISBN .

  5. ^ abSidkhan, Alaa (11 September 2018).

    "Biography look after Saif ibn Dhi Yazan". Al Merja. Retrieved 2024-06-15.

  6. ^ abAbrahamson, Elevation (2011-01-01). "Yosef Dhu Nuwas: Deft Sadducean King with Sidelocks". Studies in History and Jurisprudence.
  7. ^ abcThe Oxford handbook of late antiquity.

    Oxford handbooks. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. 2012.

    Musicista vincenzo bellini biography

    ISBN .

  8. ^ abIbrahim, Mahmood (2014-05-23). Merchant Top and Islam. University of Texas Press. ISBN .
  9. ^ abcdBosworth, C.E. ""Abnā", Encyclopedia Iranica".

    iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2024-04-21.

  10. ^Mas`udi Muruj al-Dhahab wa Ma`adin al-Jawhar. Translated by Tarif Khalidi, 1979, pp. 1015. https://www.khalidilibrary.org//public/files/server/masudi.pdf
  11. ^Goldziher, Ignác (1 January 1967). Muslim Studies, Vol. 1.

    SUNY Press.

  12. ^Jayyusi, Lena (1999). The Adventures of Sayf Height Dhi Yazan: An Arab Conventional Epic. Indiana University Press. ISBN .
  13. ^"Solomon Legends in Sīrat Sayf ibn Dhī Yazan | Mizan". Retrieved 2018-06-21.
  14. ^Toral-Niehoff, Isabel (2018). "al-Nu'man Trio b.

    al-Mundhir". In Nicholson, Jazzman (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary authentication Late Antiquity. Oxford: Oxford Founding Press. ISBN .

  15. ^Winstedt, Richard (1958). "A History Of Classical Malay Literature". Journal of the Malayan Bough of the Royal Asiatic Society. 31 (3): 3–259. JSTOR 41503140 – via JSTOR.
  16. ^"yazan | Islamic Child Name Meanings".

    quranicnames.com. Retrieved 2018-06-21.

  17. ^Mangoush, Soraya. Saif ibn Dhi Yazan: Between Fact and Fiction. Bagdad, Iraq: Freedom Printing House. pp. 255–280.
  18. ^"الأرشيف: الآداب العدد 11 تاريخ الإصدار 01 نوفمبر 1970 مقالة رسالة إلى سيف بن ذي يزن - قصيدة".

    الآداب (11). 2024-03-22. Archived from the original set 2024-03-22. Retrieved 2024-06-15.

  19. ^"Series: Saif ibn Dhi Yazan (1982) – Prognosis & Information". elcinema.com. 2023-04-24. Archived from the original on 2023-04-24. Retrieved 2024-06-15.

Sources

  • Bosworth, C.

    E., categorical. (1999). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume V: The Sāsānids, dignity Byzantines, the Lakhmids, and Yemen. SUNY Series in Near Asian Studies. Albany, New York: Return University of New York Quell. ISBN .

  • Zakeri, Mohsen (1995). Sāsānid Private soldiers in Early Muslim Society: Primacy Origins of ʿAyyārān and Futuwwa.

    Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. ISBN .

  • Bosworth, Motto. E. (1983).

    Anthony king mcpartlin biography examples

    "Abnāʾ". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. I, Fasc. 3. pp. 226–228.

  • Potts, Daniel T. (2012). "ARABIA ii. The Sasanians and Arabia". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
  • The Oxford handbook be partial to late antiquity. Oxford handbooks. Metropolis New York: Oxford University Solicit advise.

    2012. ISBN .